Russian Influenza in Two University Communities |
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| Authors: | Richard A. Goodman M.D. Timothy F. Nolan Jr. M.D. Alan R. Hinman M.D. Robert A. Gunn M.D. Martin S. Siegel M.D. |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Office of Epidemiology, Room 13H, 47 Trinity Avenue S.W., Center for Disease Control, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services , Atlanta, Georgia, 30334, USA;2. State Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services , Tallahassee, Florida, 32301, USA;3. Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center , Seattle, Washington, 98104, USA |
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| Abstract: | Abstract The H1N1 influenza A virus (A/USSR/90/77) appeared first in China, then spread to the United States in January 1978, causing significant outbreaks of influenza among younger age groups. Because college students were particularly affected, epidemiologic investigations were done to define the impact of illness on university populations. We describe influenza outbreaks involving two college campuses (the Universities of Michigan and Colorado). At both schools, illness attack rates were significantly higher for students than for older faculty and staff members. At the two respective campuses, 25 and 36% of those ill who were surveyed sought medical care. Bed confinement averaged 3.8 days at one school (Michigan). At the other school (Colorado), ill students missed an average of 2.8 days of class. Influenza A (H1N1) virus was isolated from specimens from acutely ill students at both campuses. These investigations illustrate the practical usefulness of college campuses as sites for monitoring the activity of influenza and other acute respiratory diseases. |
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| Keywords: | clitoridectomy female circumcision female genital mutilation infibulation pharaonic circumcision |
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