马克思恩格斯对西欧先发现代化条件的分析

西欧现代资本主义社会形成的诸多条件与西欧现代化条件是一致的,马克思恩格斯关于西欧先进入现代社会诸多原因的分析实质就是西欧早发现代化条件的分析:马克思恩格斯对西欧早发现代化持多因素论。如:市民社会形成、土地私有和商品化、宗教改革与新教原则的确立;商业和工场手工业的发展;城市化;建立殖民地;启蒙运动;科技革命和工业革命;社会革命;政治革命等;但他们并不是简单地列出这些条件,而是科学地揭示了这些条件之间的不可分割的联系以及资本主义现代化的双重性。

Marx's Analysis on the Conditions for Western Europe's Earlier Modernization

Marx's theory about the forming and development of the modern society is essentially the modernization theory. The analysis for the causes that Western Europe first enters the modern society is in essence the analysis of the conditions for the early modernization in Western Europe, which are deemed multi-factor, including the forming of civil society, land privatization and commercialization, religious reform and the establishment of Protestantism principles, the development of workshop handicrafts and urbanization. Instead of simply listing these conditions, Marx and Engels revealed in a scientific manner the close relations between these conditions and the duality of Capitalism.