论“士”文化与中国的统一

秦汉王朝与罗马帝国都是曾经盛极一时的大帝国，但两个帝国在建立之初的政治文化传统是截然不同的。中国是大一统的政治文化传统，“士”是这种政治文化的核心代表；而罗马帝国则建立在城邦政治文化传统之上，公民是其政治文化传统核心代表。秦汉王朝解体之后由于士大夫文化传统的延续而保持了长时期的大一统政治格局，而罗马帝国灭亡之后，欧洲形成了以封建骑士和基督教教士为核心的二元社会结构，并导致欧洲陷入了长期的政治分裂时期。

Scholar-official Culture and China's Reunification

China's Qin and Han Dynasties and the Roman Empire were unified empires of great popularity,but they were totally different in political and cultural traditions in the beginning. China was a country of great unity in political and cultural traditions,with scholars-officials being the representatives of its political culture. On the other hand,the Roman Empire was built on the basis of city-state political and cultural traditions,citizens being the core representatives of its political culture. China after t...