近代中国西北地区的羊毛出口贸易

羊毛出口所得是我国近代西北地区农牧民的一项主要收入来源。当时,西北羊毛主要销往美国,而天津是出口量最大且比较稳定的口岸,西北羊毛从产地运至天津,其间交易程序、贸易路线和运输方式几经变更。影响西北羊毛出口的因素较多,仅从经济角度分析,主要有国内外对羊毛的供需状况、税负增减、交通和贸易方式的变动等。羊毛出口贸易对促进近代我国西北地区的经济发展起到了很大作用。但历史经验表明,西北地区要改变落后状况,求得经济发展,不仅要靠自身的努力,还须依赖同中东部省区经济上的协调配合。

The Export of Wool from the Northweast Area of China in the Modern Times

The earning from the export of wool was the most important income of the peasants and herdsmen living in the Northwest area of China in the modern times, when most of the wool exported to the United States. Tianjin was the largest and steady port for the trade. The trade used to be un- convenient because it was a long way to transport the wool from the Northwest area to Tianjin, and the trading procedure, transport line and means changed many times. But the wool export had been promoted through many economic factors, such as the changes in demand and supply, taxation, transportation, means and ways of trading. And the wool export contributed much to the economic development of the area. It is a historical experience that the economic coordination and cooperation with the middle part areas are important for getting rid of the backwardness condition of the Northwest areas, in addition to their own effort.