论《白虎通义》的天道观及其内在矛盾

<白虎通义>的天道观包含三个方面在宇宙生成方面它把<老子>、<易传>和董学、纬书糅杂起来,但并未消除自然生成论与神创论的冲突;在天道秩序方面把阴阳、五行与四时、五方等附会起来,但无法协调其内在的矛盾;在天道运行方面把阴阳盛衰与五行生克结合起来,但又陷入循环论的窠臼之中.因此,以这个天道系统为效法对象的人道体系只是一种社会静力学的设计,而缺乏社会动力学的自觉这正是中国传统社会发展长期停滞的重要原因.

On the Views of Heavenly Ways in "General Interpretation of Baihu the Celestial Phenomenon"

This paper analyses from three aspects the General Interpretation of Baifu the Celestial Phenomenon.It is held that in regard to the formation of the universe the General Interpretation had combined the doctrinesfrom Lao Zi, the Book of Changes, Dong Zhongshu and others, yet it failed to rid itself of the confrontationbetween Natural Formation and Heavenly Creation. In regard to the orders and sequences of Heavenly Laws,the General Interpretation had put together the ideas of Yin Yang, the Five Elements, the Four Seasons andthe Five Directions, yet it failed to solve the innate contradictions in itself. In regard to the working of theHeavenly Ways, the General Interpretation had combined the doctrines of the ups-and-downs of Ying Yang,the mutual dependence and confrontation of the Five Elements, yet it was trapped in the idea of endless cycles.It is clear that the system of Human Ways modeled on the Heavenly Ways is actually a design of social staticsand that the lack of conscious social dynamics is one of the important causes for the long standstill of develop-ment in traditional Chinese society.