浅析20世纪初美国联邦《纯净食品与药品法》出台的历史背景

19世纪80年代以来美国食品加工技术的提高和食品市场的扩大使政府对食品市场进行管制成为必要。这种管制最先表现为各州制定了纯净食品法。然而州管制既不足以保护消费者,也不足以保护食品生产者。于是,在科学界的呼吁和媒体的宣传下,觉醒消费者开始大力推动联邦政府对食品市场进行管制,大型食品生产者利益集团在这方面态度也十分积极,最后促成了1906年《纯净食品与药物法》的出台,开始了联邦管制食品市场的新时代。

The Historical Background of America's Pure Food and Drug Act in the Beginning of the 20th Century

From the 1880s,the improvement in the food processing technology and the expansion of its market in the United States made the government regulation a necessity.To protect consumers as well as food manufacturers,the legislatures of the each state adopted pure food acts.However,such exclusive reliance on state regulation proved ineffective to protect both consumers and food manufacturers.For this reason,with the help of scientists and the media,awakening consumers and the interest group of the large-scale food manufacturers pushed very hard federal regulation at the turn of the century.As a result,Congress passed the Pure Food and Drug Act in 1906 and started an era of federal regulation on the food market in the United States.