唐前历史地理与诗歌地理中的江南

在唐前的历史地理中,“江南”通常是以楚国为背景,指的是长江中游的南方地区。直到东汉末年,“江南”才开始较多地指称长江下游的南方地区。这时候北方人对江南的认知是瘴厉横行、刀耕火种的落后区域,而在生活中,江南也是罪臣逐客的迁谪流放之地。但在诗歌地理中,“江南”很早就指称今江浙一带,轻松愉悦的江南民歌改变了文人对江南的想象。东晋南渡以后,以浙东山区、浔阳乡村和江汉水乡为代表的山水田园进入诗歌并成为审美对象。美丽多情的水乡女子、轻快活泼的采莲场面、奇峭疏朗的山水景观和宁静闲适的田园风光构成了诗歌江南的一些经典意象。

On Jiangnan in Historical Geography and Poetic Geography before Tang Dynasty

In the historical geography before Tang Dynasty, ＂Jiangnan＂ usually referred tothe area south of the middle Yangtze River in the context of Chu State. Only since the end of Eastern Han Dynasty did ＂Jiangnan＂ begin to refer to the area south of the lower reach of Yangtze River. At that time, the northerners thought that Jiangnan is a backwards area where people live by the slash and burn method in miasma, while in real life, guilty officials were also demoted and sent into exile in Jiangnan. But in poetic geography, ＂Jiangnan＂ was re- ferred to today＇s Jiangsu and Zhejiang Province long before, and the light-hearted and delightful Jiangnan ballads changed the literati＇s impression of Jiangnan. After the Eastern Jin expanded southwards across Yangtze River, the countryside landscape became the aesthetic objects in poetry, characterized by mountain district in East Zhejiang, Xunyang countryside and Jianghan waterside village. Typical images of poetic Jiangnan consist of beautiful girls in waterside village, cheerful scenes of lotus-picking, extraordinary natural landscape and peaceful and leisured countryside.