文学欣赏的三维构成

就文学阅读活动自身的特质而言，欣赏性阅读与消遣性、批评性的文学阅读有着不同的心理动机：既不停留于在作品中捕捉直接的感官满足，也无明确的功利性和目的性——不以“理性”分析为核心，它追求的是审美愉悦和陶冶升华。因而，作为一种富有特定审美意义的精神活动，对阅读者而言，文学欣赏活动在知、情、意等3个层面有它特有的要求，即：不将艺术等同于生活，漠视常理，认同而不模仿。这也是我们在文学欣赏活动中必须坚持的原则与欣赏态度。

THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL CONSTITUTION OF LITERATURE APPRECIATION

Reading for appreciation, reading for recreation and reading for criticism have different psycnological motives in terms of the characteristics of literature - reading activities. With no hunt for direct sensory satisfaction, there is no definite utilitarian purpose not taking rational analysis as the core but seeking aesthetic pleasure and the distillation of exerting a favorable influence psychologically and mentally, thus as a spiritual activity filled with specific aesthetic significances, the activity of literature appreciation for the reader has its own special demand in terms of knowledge, feelings and awareness, i.e. not equating art with life, treating general rule with indifference, being identified with the characters instead of imitating them. This is the principle we must stick to in literature appreciation.