推进职工基本养老保险全国统筹的方案设计与实施路径

党的十九大报告提出要尽快实现养老保险全国统筹。实现养老保险全国统筹是一项系统工程，尽快实现养老保险全国统筹需要把握全国统筹的内在要求，同时选择阻力较小的统筹方案。在统筹方案选择上，应考虑渐进式方案带来的政策固化风险与调整成本，以统筹实施时点划分不同的保险待遇计发办法，不失为一种可行的路径。在分析地方政府利益博弈、合理制度参数与给付标准设定等统筹难点的基础上，提出从多途径分担历史债务、建设垂直化管理的社保经办机构、建设多层次养老保险体系等方面入手推进基本养老保险全国统筹的建议。

Promotion of the National Pooling of Basic Endowment Insurance Scheme Design and Its Implementation Path

The 19th CPC National Congress Report has put forward that the national pooling of endowment insurance should be realized as soon as possible.It is a systematic project which involves grasping the internal requirements of national coordination and choosing a plan with less resistance.In choosing the national coordination plan,we should consider the policy solidification risk and adjustment cost brought about by the gradual plan.It is a feasible way to differentiate different methods of insurance treatment according to the time point.There are some obstacles to the national coordination of the basic pension,such as the interest of local governments,reasonable system parameters and the setting of payment standards.It is suggested that historical debts be shared in many ways,social security agencies be built with vertical management,and a multi-level old-age insurance system be established to promote the national coordination of the basic pension.