我国共同侵权制度的再探讨

在侵权法立法之际,我们应当再次探讨该制度,以构建完整的、妥当的共同侵权制度.就共同加害行为而言,行为的"共同"的认定应采共同故意说,行为人应承担连带责任.就拟制的共同加害行为而言,应妥当认定教唆人和帮助人,同时应以责任能力为基础,来确立教唆或帮助未成年人或精神病人时的责任承担.就共同危险行为而言,它是指加害人不明,行为人应承担连带责任,并可以通过举证因果关系不存在而免责.此外,共同加害行为制度不能扩张适用于无过错责任案件,而共同危险行为制度可以扩张适用于无过错责任案件;团伙成员的责任制度不宜规定在侵权法之中.

Reexamination of the Institution about the Plurality of Responsible Actors

As the legislation is drafting the tort law in China,reexamination of the institution about the plurality of responsible actors is necessary,in order to give some suggestions for the legislators.When the plaintiffs commit collective wrongful conduct and take the solidary liability,they must knowingly participate in it.If the minors or mentally disabled persons are instigated or encouraged to commit a tort,they take the liability themselves after they have infringed the standard of care that the law sets for...