贫困地区公共文化服务均等化:政策演进、效能评价与提升路径

推进公共文化服务均等化对于满足人民日益增长的美好文化需要有重要意义。随着国家精准扶贫工作与文化强国战略的深度融合,不同贫困地区在公共文化扶贫实践中进行了具有特色的差别化因应,反映出贫困地区公共文化服务均等化政策的三重转向与坚持：目标由充足性向公平性转变、理念回归公益性导向、制定和执行坚持“以人民为中心”思想。以四个省份八个贫困县（区）为对象,对其公共服务均等化效能进行评价,结果表明贫困地区公共文化服务均等化效能较低,面临着资源整合力度不够、具体管理规范缺位、供给精准相对缺乏等瓶颈。为此,应不断创新工作机制,积极探索现实路径,即优化资源整合与配置机制、强化管理规范动态调整机制、构筑供需精准对接机制、夯实服务综合保障机制、探索建立地区服务联盟,以全面提升贫困地区公共文化服务均等化效能。

Equalization of Public Cultural Services in Poor Areas: Policy Evolution, Effectiveness Evaluation and Improvement Path

Promoting the equalization of public cultural services is of great significance in meeting the growing cultural needs of the people. With the deep integration of the national precision poverty alleviation and the strategy of strengthening the country through culture, different poverty-stricken areas have carried out distinctive and differentiated measures in the practice of public cultural poverty alleviation, reflecting the triple turn and persistence of the policy of equalization of public cultural services in poverty-stricken areas. The goal is to change from sufficiency to fairness, policy ideas return to public welfare orientation, and policy formulation and implementation adhere to the "people-centered" thinking. Based on the evaluation of its effectiveness in eight poverty-stricken counties (districts) in four provinces, the results show that the public cultural services in poverty-stricken areas are less effective, facing insufficient resource integration, lack of specific management norms, and lack of accurate supply. To this end, we should constantly innovate the working mechanism and actively explore the real path, namely, optimize the resource allocation mechanism, consolidate the service guarantee mechanism, strengthen the dynamic adjustment mechanism, build a supply and demand docking mechanism, and explore the establishment of a service alliance to comprehensively improve the equalization of public culture services in poverty-stricken areas.