论协同主义民事诉讼模式下的证据收集

诉讼模式从“辩论主义”向“协同主义”转变的历史背景,为民事诉讼各主体在证据收集领域的协作奠定了正当性基础.民事诉讼证据收集的主体包括当事人、代理律师、法院三者,而并不包括检察机关.在证据收集程序中,当事人居于主导地位,代理律师发挥着重要的补充作用,而法院则对当事人取证行为予以阐明和指导,并可弥补当事人取证能力之不足.证据收集主体与对象之间的关系应定位于分工与协作,其中分工是前提,协作是本质与核心.证据收集程序中的协作具有两层含义,其中取证主体与对象间的协作具有更为实质的意义.各取证主体与对象所负担的协作义务其法理依据并不相同,但其共同的深层根据为各诉讼主体所担负的“诉讼协助义务”.

On Evidence Collecting in Cooperation Pattern of Litigation

Litigation model transformation from "debate principle" to "cooperation principle" lays a justifiable ground for cooperative evidence collecting among litigation subjects,which include parties,attorneys and courts,but exclude procurators.In evidence collecting,parties should be dominant,attorneys play crucial complementary role,while courts provide clarification and guides to evidence collecting and reinforce parties’ proof investigation.The relationship between collecting subject and object should be defined as that between division and cooperation,with division being prerequisite and cooperation essential.Cooperation in the process of evidence collecting has two meanings;hereinto the collaboration between subject and object is more meaningful.The legal basis of cooperation obligation of subject and object are different,yet their common basis lies in "assisting duty" shared by all litigation subjects.