基督教道德对美国外交政策的挑战——以《公益》杂志的战争与和平观为例

在战争与和平问题上,美国天主教徒,特别是他们中间的一部分平信徒知识分子和一部分担任神职的知识分子,秉承了基督教的和平和正义传统,因而能够对现代国际关系以及美国的对外政策提出自己的见解。他们的意见往往不被政治家接受和转换为国家政策,但从长时段的效果来看,他们的声音影响了美国的民众,使他们意识到:世俗政治经济利益的考量应该不是诉诸武力的合法正当的理由。本文的论述主要以美国天主教平信徒创办的《公益》杂志为个案,阐释美国天主教知识分子在20世纪以及晚近时期在战争与和平问题上的思考和抉择。

Challenge of Christian Morals to American Foreign Policies

Groups of American Catholic intellectuals, including lay people, priests, religious men and women, have inherited the Catholic teachings on peace and justice, and have thereby put forth wise opinions that are able to look beyond the nationalistic interests. With their opinions that have rarely been adopted by the politicians on time, they have done a great service in edification and formation of American public conscience, reminding people of the truth that the pursuit of political and economic interests cannot justify war. This paper is an analysis of opinions expressed mainly in the magazine Commonweal founded by the Calvert Association in 1924, regarding the issue of war and peace during the 20th century and beyond.