机关算尽太聪明，学样不成一场空——从长鼻子故事看“赏善惩恶”模式构成要素

"善有善报,恶有恶报"的传统思想常常融入民间故事中,引导民众向善弃恶.<长鼻子>故事就是这类故事的代表文本,它以其特有的赏善惩恶结构叙事,集中体现了民众的善恶观.通过对<长鼻子>故事的分析,可归纳出"赏善惩恶"模式的构成要素,即此类故事多以契约式叙事开始,由两个对立主角、两个对称行动和两种迥异结局构成.这种叙事模式以对比强烈的赏罚效果,在寓教于乐中培养了民众的善恶观.

Racking One's Brains in Scheming but Obtaining Nothing--On the Elements of "Rewarding the Good and Punishing the Evil" Pattern from the Story of Long Nose

As a saying goes, "Good and evil must at last have their reward". This folk thought often merges into the folktales and guides the earthly people to do good turns but cast off evil deeds. The story of "Long Nose" is just such an example. It illustrated stories with the specific patterns of "rewarding the good but punishing the evil", embodying the ideas of the earthly people on good and evil. By analyzing the story of "Long Nose", we can conclude the structural patterns of "rewarding the good but punishing the evil". That is, most of such stories always start with a contracted narration, comprised of two opposite protagonists, two counter actions and two different endings. This kind of narrative pattern, which tells a moral lesson in amusement, has cultivated the viewpoint of the earthly people in telling good from evil by strikingly contrasting the effects of rewarding and punishment.