约翰·塞尔与国际关系理论的语言学转向

约翰·塞尔发展了奥斯汀的言语行为理论,并将其运用到对社会事实的分析当中。在言语行为理论的影响下,20世纪80年代末和90年代初,国际关系理论发生了语言学转向。首先对言语行为理论进行系统研究的国际关系学者是奥努夫和克拉托奇维尔,他们通过言语行为理论发展出了一整套建构主义理论,强调语言在社会建构中的不可或缺的作用。此外,托马斯·瑞斯的国际关系中的"争论逻辑"的概念,伊曼纽尔·阿德勒的共同体理论等也都带有语言学转向的色彩。因此,语言学转向已经成为当今国际关系理论研究中不可忽视的一种潮流,代表了一种重要的发展方向。

John Searle and the Linguistic Turn in the Theory of International Relations

Influenced by the speech act theory,a "linguistic turn" appeared in the theory of international relations at the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s.The foremost scholars who studied speech act theory systematically in the area of international relations were Onuf and Kratochwil.They developed a kind of constructivism which emphasized the indispensable role of language in social construction.Besides,the concept of "logic of arguing" advanced by Thomas Risse,the communitarian theory of Emanuel Adler and the security studies of Copenhagen school reflect the linguistic turn to some extent as well.Therefore,linguistic turn has become an important trend which can not be neglected,and it indicates the direction of development in IR theory in the future.