实行过限的刑事责任探究

实行过限是从共同犯罪中衍生出来的一种很特殊的犯罪形态,它是指在共同犯罪过程中,某一个或几个共同犯罪人故意或过失地实施了超出共同故意范围的一种犯罪行为形态。对于实行过限行为刑事责任的分配问题一直是古今中外研究的重要问题,亦是困扰司法实践的难题,因为其不仅涉及到对实施过限行为人的如何处理,还包括对其他共犯如何定罪量刑的问题。尽管国内外学者对该理论研究不尽一致,但我国司法实践中对实行过限行为的一般处理规则为过限犯独立承担刑事责任,对于其未超出共同故意范围的行为,其他共犯应共同承担刑事责任。当然在实行过限的具体认定中还应分重合性过限与非重合性过限分别进行具体讨论,从而分清责任的具体归属,避免牵连无辜,彰显刑法公平正义的精神。

A Study on the Criminal Responsibility of Surplus Behavior

The surplus behavior of joint offence is a problem that derives from joint offence. In joint offence, the situation that one or several accomplices＇ behavior exceeds the scope of joint offence intention is defined as surplus behavior of joint offence （Hereinafter referred to as surplus behavior）. The distribution of criminal responsibility of surplus behavior has been an important matter of ancient and modem research ,which also plagued the judicial practice,because it is not only related to how to deal with the implementation of human behavior,but also to other accom- plice conviction sentencing problems. Although the theoretical study of domestic and foreign scholars are not unanimous, but in the judicial practice in China the surplus behavior of the general roles of conduct have been limited to an independent commission of criminal responsibility ,for its failure to go beyond the scope of co-intentional acts ,the other accomplice should share criminal responsibility. Of course, in surplus behavior to the specific points that should also be too limited overlap with the non-coincidence, respectively, was too limited to specific discussion in order to distin- guish the specific attribution of responsibility to avoid the involvement of innocent people, demonstrating the spirit of fairness and justice in the Criminal Code.