论晚清山东经济现代化

在内忧外患的压力下 ,晚清山东经济现代化艰难起步 ,主要表现在 :1 .机器工业从无到有 ,从而在封闭的农业社会里引入了新的生产力和生产关系 ,产生了变革传统社会的根本性的物质基础 ;2 .对外贸易引发了商品流通体系的转型 ,改变了山东原有的经济结构和产业布局 ;3 .社会各界对振兴实业有了价值认同 ,工商阶层有了自我关怀意识 ,经济现代化有了制度性保障 ;4.各地兴办企业均含有堵塞漏卮、“稍分洋人之利”的初衷 ,抗敌御侮构成了山东经济发展的主线。上述内容使晚清山东经济跳出了原先长期低水平重复的怪圈 ,并以其自身蕴含的可持续发展因素而昭示了山东经济现代化的未来方向

On Economic Modernization of Shandong in late Qing Dynasty

Economic modernization of Shandong struggled to jump-start its step in late Qing Dynasty even though there were some disadvantage factors inside and outside.Firstly,Machinery industry came into being and introduced the new force and relationship of production into the closed society of agriculture;Secondly,foreign trade brought about the transformation of commercial circulation system,and altered the original economic structure and production distribution in Shandong;Thirdly,different social groups reached value identity of industrial development,and industry and business classes began to have self care consciousness;Fourthly,many enterprises had their intentions to prevent foreigners from sharing more business profits,resistance to external aggression was an important keynote of the economic development in Shandong.All elements above impelled Shandong economy to go beyond the long term repetitions at low levels,and showed the potentialities and coming direction of sustainable development in the process of economic modernization of Shandong.