新疆少数民族人口社会流动问题初探

社会流动既包括向上流动，即改善其社会地位，从一个较低地位流动到一个较高地位，也包括向下流动，即从一个较高地位流向一个较低地位。合理有序的社会流动是多民族社会现代化的一个重要表征。随着城市化的发展，新疆少数民族人口职业结构发生了较大变化，但变迁速度慢、规模小、区域差异大等问题日益凸现。少数民族人口社会流动问题，制约着少数民族经济社会的发展，影响着和谐民族关系的发展与和谐社会的构建。必须加快少数民族地区城市化、工业化步伐，大力发展“双语”教育，落实和完善民族社会政策，促进民族人口的不断合理流动。

On the Fluidity of Ethnic Minority Population in Xinjiang

Social fluidity includes both the upward fluidity, i.e., to improve the social status, and downward fluidity. Reasonable fluidity represents the the social modernization of multi- nationalities. With the progress of urbanization, the occupation structure of ethnic minority people in Xinjiang changed greatly. However, problems of slow relocation, small scale and regional differences be- come salient. The problems with the population fluidity constrains the the soci-economic development of ethnic minority people and further influences the development of a harmonious ethnic relationship. Measures must be taken to accelerate urbanization and indus- trialization in ethnic minority areas, to forcefully develop bilingual education, perfect and implement relevant policies and promote reasonabvle population fluidity of ethnic minority people.