“卫拉特”一词及其相关名词的由来浅析

对于“卫拉特”、“额鲁特”、“四卫拉特”、“准噶尔部”及“准噶尔汗国”等名称的含义，国内外有关学者众说不一，莫衷一是。文章旨在说明从清朝至今，“卫拉特”一词，汉语音译“卫拉特”或“额鲁特”。“卫拉特”是胡都木蒙文“oirad”的音译，“额鲁特”是托忒文“oirud”的音译，两者均意为“邻近者们”。“四卫拉特”是一种习惯称谓，指归附于成吉思汗的四万户卫拉特百姓，不指和硕特、土尔扈特、杜尔伯特、绰罗斯等四个部落。而准噶尔部、准噶尔汗国等名称都得名于准噶尔盆地（即ziiiin gar hotogor）。

An Etimological Analysis of "Oyrat" and Related Terms

There has long been a discussion on the origins of ＂Oyrat＂ and its related terms. This paper aims to prove that both ＂ Oyrat＂ and ＂Emt＂ mean ＂neighbors＂. ＂Four Oyrats＂ is a customary name and refers to the 40000 Oyrat households submitting to Genghis Khan instead of the four tribes of Hoshud, Torghud, Dorbud and Choros. In terms of Jungar tribe and Jungar Khanate, they are named after Jangar Basin.