古代文论范畴“脉”之衍生模式探析

文论范畴"脉"的引入和衍生与中医学、堪舆学的脉络理论密切相关,其文化内涵与文学本质规律相契合,成为"脉"论衍生的前提。古人在对文学创作、鉴赏进行经验总结的基础上,逐渐把握文学本质规律,这是"脉"论产生的内因,而古人比类取象的思维模式是其外因。"脉"生发出诸多派生范畴,其中"气脉"、"血脉"等从其他领域引入,"语脉"、"句脉"等由自身生发而来。它们的内涵延伸到文学作品的内在气韵的融通,意义、事理的连贯,以及字句的勾连等多个层面,体现出其描述对象的丰富性,蕴含了古人的文学创作观念。文论话语的经验性和随意性使得范畴边界模糊,但每个派生范畴都具有各自的意义偏向,这反映出范畴间的相互关系,也成为探究"脉"论衍生模式的重要因素。

On the Evolving Mode of Vein as the Category in the Ancient Literary Theory

As am important category in the literary theory, the introduction and evolvement of vein is closely re- lated to the vein theory in the traditional Chinese medicine and geomancy. Vein＇ s cultural connotation is accord- ant with the literary essence, which becomes the precondition of its evolvement. On the basis of the experience summary for the literature composition and appreciation, the ancients have come to grasp the literary essence, which is the intrinsic factor of vein＇ s evolvement while their thought pattern of analogy for the similarity is the extrinsic factor. Vein generates some derivative categories, among which the vein of vigor and blood derives from other fields, but the vein of language and sentence derives from the text itself. Their connotations extend to the integration of internal artistic conceptions, the coherence of meaning and reason as well as the connection of sen- tences and so on in the literature, which display the ri,~hness of depicted objects and entail the ancients＇ concep- tion of literature composition. The discourse of Chinese literary theory tends to be empirical and spontaneous, which blurs the boundary of category and endow everj derivative category with their respective meaning prefer- ence. This phenomenon reflects the correlation between categories, and becomes the important factor in studying the mode of vein＇s evolvement.