清帝退位前袁世凯对北方反共和声势的因应

清帝退位，是辛亥革命史上重要一环，但其实现并非易事。总体来看，清帝退位之前，全国大多数省份主张共和，反共和的省份尽管不多，但其力量及地理位置都不容忽视。面对北方反对共和的声势，为了尽快结束南北纷争的局面，袁世凯以大局为重，以国家利益为根本出发点，小心试探，利用北洋集团的能量，对北方反共和力量采取了一系列谋划，说服和软化忠清的官僚士绅和军队接受共和，为清帝退位作了外部的准备。

Yuan Shikai' s Response to Anti-republican Forces in the North before Qing Emperor Abdicated

The abdication of the last emperor of Qing Dynasty is undoubtedly an important part in the history of the Revolution of 1911, but its realization is not easy. On the whole, before Qing Emperor abdicated, most provinces of the country were in favor of republican. Although few provinces were against republican, their power and location and power could not be ignored. Faced with the anti -republican forces in the north, Yuan Shikai laid stress on the overall, took national interests as the fundamental starting point, tested carefully and took a series of strategies to persuade and soften the bureaucracy, gentry loyal to Qing Govern-ment as well as army to accept the republican, using the energy of Beiyang Group, which made external preparations for the abdi-cation of the last emperor of Qing Dynasty.