桃花源里可耕田?--从一个瑶寨看扶贫与发展

贫困一直以来被认为是经济问题,许多扶贫措施也主要是采用经济手段来试图解决这一问题.文章通过对一个背陇瑶村落50多年的社会变迁进行考察,认为生态环境的恶化是村民家庭贫困的重要原因,城乡二元结构制度也一定程度上阻碍了该村经济与社会的发展,但作者更倾向于认为贫困是一种文化秩序的结果.扶贫工作在改善贫困人口的物质生活条件的同时,也把扶贫者的思想观念灌输给贫困者,由此而产生的后果之一就是富人或者强权者的财富观强化了贫困人口的贫困感,双方以一种合谋的方式制造了一套关于贫困的文化秩序.

The Peasants in a Remote Village: Poverty and Development in Beilong Village

Poverty has been regarded as an economic problem. Most of the poverty reduction projects focus on this problem by economic means. Based on the investigation of fifty years' social transformation in Beilong village, this article, on the one hand, suggests that ecological depravation and urban-rural dual structure are the two most important factors which lead to the poverty in this village. On the other hand, it argues that poverty is the product of cultural order. The poverty reduction projects improve the living standards of the poor but deliver the sponsors' ideology to them at the same time. Therefore, the sponsors' conceptions on wealth strengthen poor people's poverty identity. The sponsors and the poor people jointly establish a system of cultural order of poverty.