悖论与整合:《北京人》中的"反传统"与"传统"

《北京人》在曹禺的创作中具有着重要的标志性意义:它隐含了作家以后创作的基本走向,曹禺此后的创作都可以在《北京人》中找到前兆性的趋势。它既是作家创作危机的一种表现,同时又是对其审美转向的一种预言。作家一方面在作品中高扬着反传统的旗帜,另一方面又对体现着传统美德的愫方赞美有加;一方面向往着北京人那种"敢爱敢恨"的生活方式,另一方面又被"为着自己受苦,留给别人一点快乐"的人生哲学深深地吸引。作家不知不觉间陷入了悖论之中。这一悖论是由作家灵魂深处的理智与情感的矛盾所决定的,它所导致的最终结果是,作家在以寓言的方式宣告了传统的士大夫家族不可避免的衰败命运的同时,也在优美地向过去的"反传统"事业告别。

Dilemma and integration:"tradition" and "anti-tradition" in "Pekingese"

The play "Pekingese" is a milestone in his creative work of the author Cao Yu. It indicates the direction of Cao Yu's future writing.His later works could find their expressions in "Pekingese".This play shows the crisis in Cao's work,and foreshadows the new values he was about to adopt.In the play,Cao voiced his opposition against tradition,but also praised many aspects of traditional values and ideals.Cao longed for Pekingese personal freedom whilst at the same time valuing the philosophy of "self-sacrifice".Unconsciously,Cao fell into a dilemma,reflecting Cao's inherent contradiction between his "sense and sensibility".In the end,Cao divorced himself from the previous "anti-tradition" movement,but also declared the final days of traditional scholar-officials' families.