汉英语言对比的意合与形合

语言学界和翻译界普遍认同形合与意合是英汉语之间最重要的区别特征。汉语以意合为主 ,形合为辅 ,以意驭形 ;而英语以形合为主 ,意合为辅 ,以形制意。本文具体分析了意合形合在汉英语言中的种种现象 ,并剖析了其内在成因。本文认为 ,中国传统哲学的整体观 ,汉民族的综合思维和模糊思维是汉语意合趋向的能动的理性根源 ;形合特征则是西方民族依照原子哲学观和形式逻辑思维法则 ,对其语言的发展走向做出的自然选择。

Hypotaxis and parataxis in the contrast between Chinese and English

In linguistics and translation, hypotaxis and parataxis are generally accepted as the most important characteristics which distinct English and Chinese. Parataxis dominates in Chinese and hypotaxis is in a subordinate position, the meaning restricting the form, while English is the opposite. This essay analyses in details various phenomena of parataxis and hypotaxis in Chinese and English, and explores their inner causes of forming. The article maintains that the idea of wholeness in the traditional Chinese philosophy, the thought of synthesis and the thought of ambiguity in the nationality of Han are the dynamic theoretical bases on which Chinese tends to be in parataxis; hypotaxis is the natural choice that the western has made according to the philolophy of atom and the thought of form logic.