新政与美国南部的社会变迁

重建以来 ,美国南部一直是美国经济与社会发展最为落后的地区 ,其统治阶级为维护自身利益和白人至上主义 ,极力抵制联邦政府的干预。罗斯福政府利用“大萧条”所造成的严峻形势 ,开始全方位介入南部事务。一系列联邦法律政策的实施和政治运作 ,从根本上动摇了南部建立在租佃谷物分成制和低工资制基础上的经济结构 ,间接地引发了南部的政治变革 ,为战后南部的崛起奠定了基础。新政由此成为南部社会变迁的重要转折点。

The New Deal and the Social Changes of the American South

After the Reconstruction, the ruling class of the American South vigorously resisted Federal government's intervention in order to protect its own interest and white supremacy. The South always been the most backward region in America. Roosevelt's administration took advantage of the severe situation of Great Depression and came to be involved in the Southern affairs. A series of federal laws' enforcement and political operations fundamentally shook the Southern economic system, indirectly caused Southern political and ideological transformation, and laid a foundation of energy for Southern economic development. Thus , the New Deal became the key turning point of Southern changes.