美国对中苏的“楔子战略”：从预阻到分化

“楔子战略”是冷战时期美国企图阻止中苏结盟、分化中苏同盟、削弱苏联阵营力量的战略工具。美国通过对中苏关系及其变化的认知与研判,适时调整其“楔子战略”予以应对：从最初“一拉一压”的结盟预阻策略,到“共同打压”的强压促变策略,最后转变为“一压一和”的分而治之策略。美国的“楔子战略”对冷战时期的中苏关系产生了重大而深远的影响,它既在一定程度上增强了两国凝聚力从而促成了中苏结盟,也挑起了两国分歧争论并最终加速了中苏同盟分裂。

The Wedge Strategy of the United States to China and the Soviet Union: From Pre-hindrance to Differentiation

The wedge strategy is a strategic tool used by the United States during the Cold War to prevent and divide the alliance between China and the Soviet Union,and weaken the strength of the Soviet camp.Throughits understanding and judgment of Sino-Soviet relations and their changes,the United States timely adjusted its wedge strategy from the initial strategy of one pull,one pressure to common suppression and finally to one pressure,one peace.The wedge strategy of the United States had a significant and far-reaching impact on Sino-Soviet relations during the Cold War.To a certain extent,it not only strengthened the cohesion of the two countries and thus promoted the alliance between China and the Soviet Union,but also provoked differences and disputes between the two countries and finally accelerated the split of the alliance between China and the Soviet Union.