汉语词的文化义与文化个性

本文运用社会语言和文化语言学观点透视汉语词的文化义与汉民族文化的特殊性。文章认为文化义是词语本身所隐含的文化色彩或者附加在词语之上超语言的文化意蕴，它负荷着汉民族悠久而深厚的历史文化内涵；透对对汉语例词的文化义的分析，把握语言与文化的内在联系，可以深化语言科学的研究，窥见汉民族绚丽多姿的文化形态。汉语的文化义似应从以下方向发掘：成语与典故义；比喻与比喻义；借代与借代义；附会与象征义；联想与联想义；情态下褒贬义；风格与语体义；形态、色象与形象义等。

Cultural Meaning and Individualities of Chinese Words

Based on the views of sociolinguistics and cultural linguistics,this paper presents a perspective of the cultural meaning of Chinese words and the particularity of Chinese national culture.The author holds that the cultural meaning of a word refers to its implied cultural flavor or the superlinguistic cultural insight attached to it,which embodies the historical and cultural connotation of Chinese nation.By analyzing the cultural meaning of the example words,the internal reactions between language and culture are clearly displayed,which helps further the study of language science and reveal the bright and colorful morphology of Chinese culture.The author demonstrates the cultural meaning of Chinese words in the following aspects:idiom and allusion,figure of speech,linguistic borrowing,symbolism,melioration and deterioration,association and stylistics,etc.