文化经典、文论话语与比较文学

总体而言,中国比较文学研究史上的大师级人物大多是传统文化学养深厚的学者,因此,文化经典是从事比较文学研究的一个最起码的根基。但是,也必须看到,王国维、朱光潜、刘若愚作为一代学术大师,由于没有处理好文化经典与西方文学话语之间的关系,因而出现了学术上的失误。这说明,有了文化经典的素养,也不一定能够较好地从事比较文学研究,众多学术大师的失误都证实了这一点。如果抛开经典,仅仅只是有文论话语,搞好比较文学研究更是一厢情愿。只有把文化经典与文论话语相结合,才能搞好比较文学研究。也就是说,要以自我的学术规则为主,融汇西方文化进行创新。文化经典、文论话语在当今的中国文化语境下本身就是一个比较文学的问题。因为经典的确立必须是为当下的比较文学研究和中国文化建设服务的,文论话语也同样如此。

Chinese Cultural Classics,literature Discourse and Comparative Literature

Nearly all masters in the history of Chinese comparative literature are scholars who were versed in traditional Chinese culture,so the knowledge of cultural classics is the most rudimentary foundation for a qualified scholar in comparative literature.The well-known masters such as Wang Guowei,Zhu Guangqiang and Liu Ruoyu,made some mistakes because of their failures to properly deal with the relations between Chinese cultural classics and western literary discourse.With the adequate knowledge of cultural classics one is not necessarily qualified to do research on comparative literature,this can be seen in the failures of many academic masters.However,without the knowledge of the classics and only with the discourse of literary theories,one is still not necessarily qualified for comparative literature studies.Only when with the knowledge of both fields one may be qualified for it.That is,with our own academic norms as the subject,we make use of the West to be creative.Nowadays Both Chinese cultural classics and the discourse of literary theories are the agenda of comparative literature in the context of Chinese culture,because both of them serve the comparative literature and Chinese cultural construction.