论暴力私力救济

暴力私力救济具有野蛮性和落后性,是一种带有反社会倾向的行为,常威胁到人类的和平与秩序,危及公民的安全与自由。在政治社会中暴力私力救济的实施,除非获得国家法律的明确授权,否则即为非法。霍布斯、洛克、孟德斯鸠、康德及黑格尔诸人先后对合法暴力私力救济进行过探索,在当今,自卫(正当防卫和紧急避险)是实施暴力私力救济唯一正当性的事由。为了摆脱当前中国违法暴力私力救济泛滥的局面,应从多方面着手其防御体系的建构。

On Violent Private Remedy

Violent private remedy is rude and backward with an anti-society inclination. It usually threats the peace and orders of human society, and put citizens' safety and freedom in danger. Any violent private remedy without the authorization of the law is illegal. Hobbes, Locke, Montesqieu, Kant and Hegel all have made research on legal violent private remedy. Nowadays, Self-defense, including both justifiable defense and emergent avoidance of danger, is the only justified reason to take violent private remedy. To reduce the cases of violent private remedy, we need to construct a defensive system of it from various aspects.