日本新订高中历史课程之特点与启示

2018年3月,日本发布新的《高等学校学习指导要领》。这是日本自第二次世界大战后70多年来,对高中课程最大规模的一次修订,体现了日本高中教育发展的新趋势,标志着日本从此告别“宽松教育”而走向“生存能力”教育。由“历史综合”“日本史探究”“世界史探究”组成的新高中历史课程,立足“人”的发展,构建了“必修+选修、通史+专题”的课程体系,课程内容更加突出本国史与世界史的联系,课程学习倡导“主题+探究”的学习方式。日本高中历史课程的内容设置及特点启示我们,高中历史课程编制应加强中国史与世界史的横向关联,课程内容应体现探究性学习要求。

Characteristics and Inspiration of the Latest Revision of Japanese High School History Courses

Japan published the latest version of“High School Study Guideline Commentary”in March,2018.This revision reflected new trends of the development in Japanese high schools,as it was the most extensive revision since World War II.It also indicated the change from“liberal education”to“viability education”in Japan.The new history curriculum in the high school,including“General History”,“Exploration of Japanese History”,and“Exploration of World History”formed a“Compulsory&Elective,General History&Special Topics”curriculum system based on human development.The contents of new curriculum highlighted the relationship between Japanese History and World History.The learning style of“Theme&Inquiry”was also advocated.Based on the analysis of the characteristics of Japanese high school history courses,this paper concluded horizontal relationship between Chinese history and world history,and inspirationsincluding making inquiring learning reflected by curriculum contents.