略论唐代宗室制度及其影响

唐代宗室可由爵位出官,亦可由血缘关系出官。以爵位出官,《旧唐书》、《新唐书》的记载清晰准确,《唐六典》与《唐会要》的记述则比较模糊。以爵出官的品阶也与实际情况有所差距。若以血缘关系出官,宗室的五等血缘品阶与其出官品阶并不一一对应。唐代的宗室政策,在高祖时延续隋制,从太宗开始,保持近房宗室的政治地位,压制远房宗室。玄宗以后,近房宗室基本不出阁,远房宗室则与异姓之臣杂而仕宦。在对政局的影响上,唐代宗室整体素质较低,影响是消极的。

The study on imperial clan system and its influence in Tang Dynasty

The imperial clan of Tang Dynasty can acquire the official according to the rank of nobility or ties of blood.The records in The Old Tang(Jiu Tang Shu) and the New Tang(Xin Tang Shu) are relative accurate,compared with some wrongs in Tang Liu Dian and Tang Hui Yao.In fact,the real circumstances are also different from the records in text about rank to official.On the other hand about blood to official,there are no exactly correspondence between the five-level ties of blood and the rank of official they assume.The institution of imperial clan in Tang Dynasty,succeeds from the rules of Sui Dynasty at the time of Gao Zu,protects the position of near clan and oppress the far clan from Tai Zong.However,the near clan members mostly don’t have the power,and the far clan members enter into civil system with the different clan members.The quality of the imperial clan of Tang Dynasty is relative low,whose effects are negative on politic situation.