守候乡土的魂灵——论迟子建对沈从文散文化小说的继承及其流变

黑龙江籍的女作家,萧红和迟子建无疑是最具有地域代表性的两位。然而,将迟子建视为萧红的追随者和继承者无疑是有失偏颇的。而迟子建和沈从文的自我觉醒倒有着异曲同工之处。在具有强烈的文化溃败感的主流意识形态下,他们通过重新发掘自身的历史记忆和文化记忆,从而完成了"自我觉醒"。故乡深印在他们灵魂的深处。对于城市文明的对立和抗争,使他们的乡村故事,在精神上获得了更深远的回归。与沈从文不同的是,在迟子建的作品中,死亡和生存并非以二元尖锐对立的姿态存在,而是在生命的轮回与永恒的怀念中获得和谐的统一。迟子建的独特风格还在于:她在表现那片土地的神秘的同时,也展现了神秘中的诗意。

Waiting a Soul from Native Land——On Chi Zijian's inheriting essayistic novels by Shen Congwen

Xiao Hong and Chi Zijian,Heilongjiang woman writers,are definitely the most representative ones featuring local customs.However,it would be improper if Chi is regarded as a mere follower or continuator of Xiao,even though she possessed the common features with Shen Congwen in awaking self-consciousness.Under the intensive influence of cultural downfall a mainstream consciousness,they found their inherent legacy in history and culture again,homeland engraved in the innermost of their soul,fulfilling "self-awakening".During the conflict with city civilization,they all got a spiritual return in a deeper meaning by narrating village stories.Different from Shen Congwen,Chi Zijian embraced living and death should be unified as one in the circle of life and yearning for eternity rather than under a dualistic state.Chi's novels featured her worship for that mysterious land by shaping a poetic mystery.