马克思“自然”概念的内在批判逻辑论析

马克思的自然概念是立足于大工业生产实践,在理论上对旧唯物主义自然概念的批判,对十九世纪自然科学关于自然及其规律的抽象理解和古典经济学关于社会经济的所谓自然规律的批判基础上得出的新哲学的奠基性范畴,“自然”概念是理解历史唯物主义的理论前提。自然和社会在理论上是互为定义的。马克思的实践、劳动、生产力等等概念都是奠定在对自然的理论批判和建构基础上的。施密特在对马克思自然概念的解读中存在不少误解,具有总体上倒向旧唯物主义的理论倾向。人和自然的历史辩证法是人类社会实践活动、人和自然和谐必须遵循的法则,是我们的时代无法超越的基本实践规范。

Internal Critical Logic of Marxist Concept of "Nature"

Marxist concept of nature is the fundamental category of new philosophy based on practice of big industry,the theoretical criticism of mechanical materialist concept of nature,the abstract understanding of nature and its law in 19th century natural science,the criticism of so-called natural law concerning social economy in classic economics.The concept of nature is the theoretical premise of understanding historical materialism.Nature and society define each other in theory.Marxist concepts of practice,labor and productive force are based on theoretical criticism and building of nature.Schmit misinterpreted Marxist concept of nature,theoretically tending to the mechanical materialism in general.Historical dialectics of man and nature is the law followed by human social practice and nature and man living in harmony.The law is the basic norm for practice that can not be transcended by our times.