我国油气行业监管体系目标设计思考

油气作为重要的战略性资源，关系国计民生，而油气行业由于其自身的技术经济特点，需要在自然垄断环节和安全环保方面加强监管。基于系统的分析，本文提出了我国油气行业监管体系的目标设计，探索了我国油气行业未来10 年（2015-2025 年）的监管改革路线图。具体而言，2015-2020 年，抓紧修订和补充有关法律法规，完善目前油气管理体制和监管体系，改进现行油气行业监管措施，逐步形成“政监合一，内部相对分离”的监管格局；实现油气勘探开发、进出口、炼油、流通、天然气批发、基础设施建设和服务的公开准入等；2021-2025 年，出台新的法律法规，完善油气管理体制，采用高级别、集中的能源管理模式，对油气行业实行统一的宏观管理，并按政监分离的原则，组建独立的、专业化的油气监管机构等。

Thoughts on the Objective Design for the Regulatory#br#System in Oil and Gas Industry in China

Oil and gas，as important strategic resources，are related to national economy and people’s livelihood. The oil andgas industry，due to its technical and economic characteristics，needs to strengthen supervision in natural monopoly aspectsand safety and environmental protection. Based on systematical analysis，this report has developed a roadmap for regulatoryreform in the next decade（2015-2025）on China’s oil and gas industry. Specifically，in the years between 2015 and 2020，the main task is to amend the current laws and rules，and to improve current energy administration and regulatory systemto fully prepare for the progressive transition to a regulatory pattern with unified but internally separated policy-making andregulation relationship；to open access to the fields of oil and gas exploration and development，oil and gas import and export，oil refinery，circulation，gas wholesale and infrastructure construction and service. In the years between 2021 and 2025，newfundamental laws and rules are to be developed so as to implement macro-management for oil and gas industry with concentratedenergy management mode，and according to the principle of separation of policy-making and regulation，an independent andspecialized oil and gas regulatory institution is to be established.