陕南商洛客家方言入声演变的特点

商洛客家方言古入声今读的情况是塞音韵尾已全部丢失，入声韵尾脱落后，古入声韵或以主要元音相近为原则，归入相应的阴声韵，或独立成韵，相对比较复杂。入声调的今读情况各地也存在差异，罗湾保留阴入、阳入，安乐只有阴入，其他地方没有入声调，清入字或归上声或归阳入，全浊字都归去声，次浊入字部分随清入字走，部分随全浊入字走。

Features of Rusheng Evolution of Shangluo Hakka Dialect in South of Shaanxi

The Rusheng’s(入声) reading of Shangluo(商洛) Hakka dialect today is that stops’tail have already lost all ,so the ancient Rusheng’s(入声) rime either classifies as Yinsheng(阴声) rime homologously , or becomes into an independent rime according to the principle of the main vowel being similar ,which is com‐paratively complicated . The reading of Rusheng (入声) tone today exists differences in various regions , Luowan(罗湾) retains Yinru(阴入)、Yangru(阳入) ,Anle(安乐) retains Yinru(阴入)only ,and other regions have lost Rusheng(入声) tone ,where unvoiced sound words either classifiy as Shangsheng(上声) ,or classify as Rinru(阴入) ,fully voiced sound words classify as Qusheng(去声) ,half voiced sound words either evolve with Qingru(清入) words ,or evolve with fully voiced sound words .