异质型人力资本与经济发展——基于空间异质性的实证研究

区域经济发展的不平衡性，始终是社会经济研究领域内的热点问题。不同层级的人力资本，应与区域的异质性相一致，以实现各自区域经济发展的最大化。本文在充分考量“四大板块”区域异质性基础上，以人力资本的异质性为视角，利用1987-2017年的省级面板数据构建多种空间面板计量模型，从经济增长和经济运行质量两个维度来探寻不同层次人力资本对区域经济发展效能的空间差异。研究表明：①全国层面，所有层次的人力资本对经济增长均有促进作用；但初级和中级人力资本会遏制产业结构高级化，只有高级人力资本才能推动产业结构高级化。②区域层面，不同层次的人力资本对东、中、西和东北地区经济发展的直接效应和间接效应具有明显的区域空间异质性。

Heterogeneous Human Capital and Economic Development--An Empirical Research of Spatial Heterogeneity

The imbalance of regional economic development has always been a hot issue in social economic research.Human capital at different levels must match the heterogeneity of the region to maximize the economic development of each region.Taking the heterogeneity of the four economic regions into account,we use the panel data of 30 Chinese provinces from 1987 to 2017 to look at the heterogeneous human capital.We introduce different spatial econometric methods to examine the spatial differences of heterogeneous human capital in promoting regional economic development effectiveness from the perspectives of economic growth and economic operational quality.The research shows that:1)At the national level,all levels of human capital can promote economic growth;while primary and intermediate human capital plays a deterrent role in industrial upgrading,only advanced human capital can promote industrial upgrading.2)At the regional level,the direct and indirect effects of different levels of human capital on the economic development of the eastern,central,western and northeastern regions have obvious regional spatial heterogeneity.This raises corresponding human capital countermeasures for the cultivation of regional human capital and regional coordinated development.