四川省民族自治地方的教育与经济发展——兼论民族地区的人才引进

文章对四川民族自治地方人口受教育程度及其对经济发展的作用进行了分析.研究发现,2000年以来四川民族自治地方人口平均受教育年限有了较大提高,文盲率显著下降,技能型人口比重也有一定的提高,但相对于发达地区和经济社会发挥及全面小康的需要,四川民族自治地方人口受教育程度依然较低,特别是技能型人口缺乏,文盲率还较高,受教育的性别差异较大.对人口受教育程度与经济发展的分析表明,受教育程度的提高、技能型人口比重的增加和受教育性别差异的缩小,能够促进经济增长和产业结构的改进.文章通过对四川省高校大学生的调查,说明了民族贫困地区引进人才面临的约束及实现引进人才可能的方式.文章对进一步发展教育事业,加强人力资本投资等提出了相关政策建议.

Educational and Economic Development in the Ethnic Autonomous Areas of Sichuan Province-Discussion on Talent Introduction in the Ethnic Areas

In the process of economic development of backward areas,human capital is much more important than material capital.This is because economic development mainly depends on human capital rather than material capital.Nowadays,human capital plays an irreplaceable role in the economic development.Just as the natural resources must be developed and processed before they become material capital,human resources also have to experience a process of investment and development before they become human capital.Otherwise,it is only a kind of basic labor force without skills or knowledge.There are many ways to invest in human resources,among them educational investment is the most important way.The results of the educational investment are reflected in:1) promotion of people's educational levels;2) decline of illiteracy rates;and,3) improvement of skills levels.Based on the demographic census data of 2000 and 2010,combined with the statistics yearbook of Sichuan provinces,and the data collected from personnel fieldwork,this article analyzes the role of education in the economic development of Sichuan province,and the problems in introducing talent into poor ethnic areas,and then,provides some policy suggestions.