功利化大学德育观的批判与超越

忽视或遮蔽大学德育的根本目的，替换或抽空大学德育的实质内容，依赖或注重于说教、灌输式的德育方式和手段，从而使德育陷入困境，是功利化的大学德育观之主要危害。从历史根源看，中国传统伦理的政治化倾向仍深深地影响着今天的大学德育。从社会根源看，经济、政治、文化环境的功利化以及教育自身推行的产业化，造就了功利化的大学德育观。从认识根源看，规范性伦理、功利主义思维方式和客体化德育模式使人们在思想认识上出现了偏差，导致了功利化的大学德育观。大学德育的理论和实践，必须以马克思主义的人的自由全面发展的德育观为指导，其基本特征是：具有超越性、主体性和可行性等。

Criticism on Utilitarianism in the University Morals and Its Transcendence

Neglecting or obscuring the fundamental purpose of university education, replacing or siphoning off its substance, and focusing on preaching or employing the cramming method of teaching, all these are the harm which utilitarianism has done to the university moral education and has led it into a difficult position. Analysis reveals that Chinese traditional political morals are still exerting great influence on today＇s higher education and that utilitarianization of economy, politics and culture, industrialization of education itself and some widespread mistaken ideas caused by normative ethics, utilitarian mindset and objectified moral education mode have resulted in the utilitarianism of university moral education. So the theory and practice of university moral education should be under the guidance of Marxist moral concept of all-round and free development of humanity and bear transcendence, individuality and feasibility as its features.