洪武、永乐年间对僧团的全面整顿

明初 ,针对元代佛教的诸多流弊 ,对社会僧团进行了多方面整顿 ,诸如 :改革度牒颁出办法 ,严格剃度 ,淘汰僧尼 ,严肃戒律 ,裁并寺院等。经过整顿 ,元代以来佛教内部出现的严重颓靡之风大为改观。洪武后期还进行过“清教”。所谓清教 ,不过是一场清肃僧徒中“胡党”的政治运动 ,与整顿佛教的既定方针迥异 ,不能混为一谈。

On Straightening out Buddhist Groups in an all -round Way during the Hongwu and Yongle of Ming Dynasty

To counter the corrupt practices of Buddhism in Yuan Dynasty,the social Buddhist groups had been straightened out in many ways in the early period of Ming Dynasty such as reforming clerical certificate system,enforcing tornsure,eliminating monks and priests and so on.Over recitifcation,the serious downcast atmosphere within Buddhism had been changed considerably since the Yuan Dynasty.The writer holds that"clearing Buddhist monks"in the late Hongwu of Ming Dynasty was only a political movement of clearing up"Hu Party"in the Buddhist monks,was different from the existing plans of straightening out Buddhism.