关于金末山东淮海红袄军的若干问题

金末山东淮海地区的红袄军首领多在南宋、金、蒙古三方间反覆变诈,叛降不定,一方面与南宋等三方对红袄军的态度和招降政策有很大关系;另一方面,山东淮海一带的汉人在金朝统治下已经百年,其民族意识和国家观念皆已淡漠,也是一个不可忽略的因素。益都世侯李?统领的军队是大蒙古国的地方军;元世祖中统三年发生的李璮叛乱,并非红袄军活动的一部分。贞祐二年火烧孔庙是蒙古兵所为,跟红袄军没有关系,元人明确记载其事,并未隐讳。

Some Issues on Red Coats Army of Shandong and Huaihai Areas in the End of Jin Dynasty

The leaders of Red Coats Army(Hung-ao chün) of Shandong and Huaihai Areas in the End of Jin Dynasty repeatedly changed their standing points among the Southern Song Dynasty,Jin Dynasty and the Yeke Mongol Ulus.Their continuous rebellion and surrender had some reasons.On the one hand,it was highly connected with the attitude and the policy of summoning to surrender towards the Red Coats Army from the Southern Song Dynasty and the other two dynasties.On the other hand,the Hanren in Shandong and Huaihai areas had lived under the rule of Jin Dynasty for about one hundred years,whose national consciousness and identity had turned into indifference.This is a non-negligible factor.The troops Commanded by Li Tan of Yidu was the regional troops of the Yeke Mongol Ulus.His rebellion taken place in 1262 was not the action of Red Coats Army.In 1214,it was the Mongolian soldiers who burnt the Confucius Temple,which had nothing to do with the Red Coats Army.