孟学的演进及其时代特色

自战国时代以荀子对孟子思想的批判发其端,两汉时期名物训诂与思想辩驳并重,魏晋至隋唐偏重音义注释,宋、元、明则偏重义理阐发。清代孟学承前代之余绪,走出了一条与时俱进、返本赋新的发展道路,在偏重考据的基础上,义理阐释等方面亦异彩纷呈,硕果累累。随着孟学的发展,孟子的思想也在不断地被改造。一部孟学史,从学术思想的角度进行考察,就是一部《孟子》诠释史。孟学的发展与儒脉的兴衰是同步的,并且还促进了儒学的自我更新与完善。

Evolution of the School of Mencius and Its Characteristics of Times

Since Xunzi's critique of Mencius's idea in a period of Chinese history known as the Warring States,the school of Mencius came to pay equal attention to conception commentaries and ideological criticism in the Han dynasty.Then the focus was diverted from phonetic and semantic annotating in the period from the Wei dynasty to the Tang dynasty to stressing on elucidating ideological connotations in a period of three consecutive dynastiesSong,Yuan,Ming.In the Qing dynasty,with great achievements in numerous aspects,like in the elucidation of ideological connotations,the school of Mencius innovatively succeeded the preceding studies by resuming the study approaches adopted in the Han dynasty and laying particular stress on textual research.It is found that Mencius's idea,with the development of the school of Mencius,has been continuously altered,even recast,and the history of The School of Mencius,from the perspective of academic ideology,is a book historically annotating the Mencius.The school of Mencius has been synchronously developing with Confucianism,and facilitating the self-updating and self-consummating of the latter.