WEEE回收条例有效实施问题研究

分析了现行回收条例的要素和流程,采用两阶段序贯决策博弈模型比较分析3种不同回收处理模式下的利益相关主体的经济行为;以社会福利最大化为目标,研究了回收网络体系的建设、回收率的设定、回收产品目录的分类、处理行为的监管激励等问题.结论表明:制造商、处理商、消费者等相关主体对3种回收模式的偏好不一致,而制造商自行回收处理模式所带来的社会福利最大;最有效率的回收网络体系应围绕制造商单独回收责任展开;回收率的确定和回收产品目录的分类需综合考虑产品的环境影响、回收处理的成本/收益、处理行业和制造行业的市场结构;监督激励决策矩阵对生产者责任组织来说,是权衡环保收益和社会福利的一种有效工具.

Effective implementation of WEEE take-back directive

In this paper,the elements and process of current Take-back Directive are analyzed,by using a two-stage sequential decision-making game model,the economic behavior of the main stakeholders under three different types of recycling patterns are presented;based on the objective of social welfare maximization,the take-back network,recycling targets setting,recovery catalogs sorting,supervision and stimulation of recycling patterns are discussed.The conclusions demonstrate that: manufacturers,recyclers and consumers do not always share the same preference over the three patterns,but the pattern of manufacture-leading recycling can reach maximum social welfare;the most efficient network system should be built on individual take-back responsibility around the manufacturer;the level of recovery and recycling catalogs must synthesize the factors including environmental impact of the product,recycling cost/benefit,and recycling and manufacturing industries’ market structure;the supervision and stimulation decision matrix to the PROs(Producer Responsibility Organizations) is an effective tool to balance the environmental benefits and social welfare.