理解法团主义——兼论其在中国国家与社会关系研究中的适用性

近年来,法团主义被越来越多地用于对中国的国家与社会关系进行理论概括或预测。本文认为,这种概括或预测是不恰当的,究其原因在于,多数使用者在对法团主义的理解上缺乏总体性,从而导致判断上的偏差。本文首先尝试对法团主义进行一种总体性考察,即依次考察其问题指向、观念基础、制度特征和社会基础,在此基础上指出,法团主义作为一种模式并不适合用来对中国的国家与社会关系进行理论概括或预测,尽管二者在观念及制度上具有高度相似性,但后者缺乏前者所必需的社会组织基础。

Some Reflections on the Corporatist Model and Its Applicability in the Studies of the Relationship between State and Society in China

Recently the corporatist model has been used more and more frequently to generalize or predict the development of the relationship between state and society in China, especially in the studies of labor unions or employers. The author argues that the generalization and prediction of China based on the corporatist model is inappropriate, because they are based on a biased understanding of corporatism. The author then proposes that we should have a general or comprehensive understanding of corporatism, that’s to say, we should find out the ideological and societal foundations of corporatism and its institutional characteristics. Based on the comprehensive understanding of corporatism, the author points out that although the institutional forms in the relationship between state and society in China are highly similar to those of the corporatist model, the corporatist model cannot be applied in China properly due to lack of societal foundations.