康熙“本朝不设边防,以蒙古部落为之屏藩”辨

康熙自言"本朝不设边防,以蒙古部落为之屏藩耳",在语境上表现出"满蒙一体"的融合局面,这句话也往往成为研究者高度赞扬清廷对蒙古怀柔政策的佐证,认为"以蒙古为长城"是18世纪清政府重要的战略方针之一。事实上,长城的军事防御功能并没有消失,康乾时期清廷在长城沿线重要关口均驻有重兵,且清朝之所以能够"以蒙古部落为之屏藩",离开了对叛乱和离心倾向的镇压,离开了在内外蒙古设置的军府,仅仅靠所谓"施恩",是不可能实现的。

A Review towards the Policy of Kangxi on Mongolian Tribes

Kangxi had said that he wouldn’t establish defensive line and would depend on Mongolian tribes.Many scholars take this as the evidence of Qing Dynasty’s policy of mollification on Mongolian.And they regard the statement of taking Mongolian as the Great Wall as one of the strategies of Qing Dynasty through 18AD.But in fact,the Mongolian had not taken the place of the Great Wall.Kangxi Dynasty settled forces at the crucial gates along the Great Wall.If Kangxi Dynasty had not suppressed the rebellion,installed the military governments,it is impossible to keep the security of borders barely depending on so-called obligation.