两汉河北地区的交通及其对城市的影响

汉代河北陆路交通发达,南部以邯郸为中心,有纵贯南北和横穿东西的三条道路:北通燕、涿,至辽西碣石;经中山国西北部至代;东西方向的道路,连接今山东和山西。北部交通道路随着长城防御系统的建立和完备而发展起来。由于黄河在河北泛滥和平原地势低洼、湖泊遍布,河北平原东部和中部虽有南北纵贯的陆路交通,但偏僻难行。河北平原水路交通的发展,以东汉末年曹操开凿白沟渠、利漕渠、白马渠、平虏渠、泉州渠、新河等运河为转折点,这些运河工程奠定了后来南北大运河的基础。与交通路网的分布和经济发展水平相吻合,汉代河北郡国的设置由西向东递减,城市南密北疏。

The Transportation in Hebei and Its Influences on the Cities in the Han Dynasty

The land route transportation of Hebei in the Han Dynasty is very well-developed.In the south,Handan is the center,in which there are three roads through north and south,across west and east.To the north,it could reach Yan,Zhuo and Jieshi of Liaoxi;from the north-west of Zhongshan,it could reach Dai.The roads from east to west connect today's Shandong with Shanxi.The northern roads for transportation develop rapidly with the development and perfection of the defensive systems of the Great Wall.Because of th...