明代河洮岷地区藏族国家认同的建构机制及其特点

藏族的国家认同既是历史形成的，也是由外在和内在因素相互作用建构起来的。明代，中央政府通过在河洮岷地区实施卫所制度、分封与朝贡、茶马互市等军事、政治、经济政策，来加强对这一地区的控制和管理。在“国家”政治框架内，藏族群体在民族重构与整合的过程中不断加深对国家的认识和理解，逐步建构和强化国家认同。从建构过程来看，既有国家权力的强力介入，也有藏族群体的自觉融入。由外在因素的推动最终内化为一种民族自发意识，体现出藏族国家认同的建构机制具有强制性、主动性和自发性的特点。

The Construction Mechanism and Characteristics of the Tibetan National Identification in Hetaomin Region in the Ming Dynasty

The Tibetan national identification is shaped not only in the process of historical development, but also is constructed through external and internal factors.In the Ming Dynasty,the construction process of The Tibetan national identification in Hetaomin region had been initiated by the central government carrying out a series of military,political and economic policies,such as the garrison system,enfeoffment and tributary system,and the Tea -horse trade,to strengthen the government and administration of this region.In political framework of “nation”,the Tibetan nationality gradually formed the recognition and understanding of the na-tion,and thus constructed and strengthened the Tibetan national identification in the process of national recon-struction and integration.From the perspective of the process of construction,on one hand,there was the strong interference of state power,on the other hand,there was self -conscious of the Tibetan nationality.It was driven by external factors to internalize national self -consciousness.All of those above referred to,in a way,embody characteristics in the making of construction mechanism of the Tibetan identification for nation, for instance of being mandatory,active and spontaneous.