从交通方式的变迁看近代山东经济格局

濒临海洋的山东半岛自古以来就是对外经济文化交流的重要地区。明清以来，京杭大运河逐渐衰微，山东交通方式由河运转移到海运，其中港口发挥了重要作用，加之胶济铁路“诞生”，铁路沿线的城镇迅速兴起，使得港口、铁路联动起来，形成了以港口为基础的海运和胶济铁路构成的新式交通体系，揭开了近代山东交通方式的“变迁图景”，带动了山东经济格局的变化。

Shandong Economic Change in Modern Times by the Changes of Transportation

Shandong is close to the ocean,it is an important area for foreign economic and cultural exchanges since ancient times. Since the Ming and Qing dynasty,the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal fell behind,the transportation by river moved to the sea,the port played an important role. Along with the birth of Jiaoji railway,the towns grew rapidly by the railway and so combined the ports with railways,formed the new amphibious transportation system on the basis of the port of shipping and Jiaoji railway,opened the“change picture”of the transportation in modern Shandong and drove the change of Shandong economic landscape.