奥尼尔戏剧的身份主题

学界通常采用静态方法,忽视从话语实践与身份的动态关系这一视角研究奥尼尔戏剧的身份主题。事实上,奥尼尔对身份问题的关注源于作家爱尔兰移民后裔所处的种族主义的政治环境、父亲演艺生涯造成其童年漂泊的家庭环境及疯狂工业文明导致信仰缺失的社会语境。奥尼尔戏剧涉及与此相关的三方面的身份主题,表达了奥尼尔重构新身份的社会理想与人文追求:以爱尔兰人为原型创作少数族裔戏剧,真实再现边缘族裔的身份流浪和解构其负面形象;以其家庭生活为原型进行身份投射和自传虚构,书写家庭相处新模式;以工业社会为原型创作底层人戏剧,描写其身份危机和探讨重写身份话语的可能性。

Identity Theme in Eugene O'Neill's Plays

The academic field usually takes the static approach ignoring the dynamic relationship between discursive practices and identity to study the identity theme in Eugene O’Neill’s plays.Actually,O’Neill’s concerning of identity issues is due to the political environment of racism faced by the descendents of Irish immigrants,due to his childhood of incessant moving family background caused by his father’s actor career,and due to the faithless social context resulted from crazy industrial civilization.Related to these,O’Neill’s plays are involved with three aspects of the identity,conveying his social ideal and humanistic pursuit.Based on the Irish,O’Neill wrote minority plays,presenting the identity exiling of the marginalized minorities realistically and deconstructing their negative images.Founded on his family background,O’Neill created his autobiographical plays adopting identity project,constructing a new family relationship pattern.Simultaneously working on industrial society,O’Neill wrote the bottom society plays,describing their identity crisis and exploring the possibility of re-writing identity discourse.