数据挖掘的正当性论述及法律规制路径

数据挖掘作为大数据技术,是信息增值的必要条件、数字经济发展的技术引擎以及政府数据开放的内在要求,具有正当性.但其同时产生隐私侵权、社会歧视、利益分配等个人自治以及社会治理难题,引发正当性困境.对此,应构建数据挖掘的法律规制路径,确立"鼓励挖掘—安全保护—平衡协调"相统一的规制目标,完善数据立法以明确数据挖掘规制的规则,选择个人数据主体、数据挖掘主体、政府合作规制的规制方式及规制手段,赋予个人数据主体事后选择权,明确数据挖掘主体的保护义务并落实政府的数据推进和监管职责,以期实现技术与法律规制的互动融合,促进我国数据产业的良性发展.

Legitimacy of Data Mining and the Regulatory Approaches

As a big data technology, data mining is legitimate for the following reasons:firstly, data mining is an important part of information value-added process. Secondly, it provides technology support of the digital economy. Thirdly, it is the basis of "Open Government Data". Data mining also causes plenty of problems, which is called the legitimacy dilemma, including the privacy infringement, the data discrimination, the social autonomy problem, etc. In this regard, we should build the legal regulation path of data mining, establish the unified regulation goal of "encouraging the balance and coordination of mining security protection", improve the data legislation to clarify the rules of data mining regulation, select the regulation methods and means of personal data subject, data mining subject and government cooperation regulation, and give personal data subject the right to choose afterwards. In order to realize the interactive integration of technology and legal regulation and promote the healthy development of China''s data industry, we should clarify the protection obligations of data mining subjects and implement the data promotion and regulatory responsibilities of the government.