马克思早期政治思想中的个人概念

在批判黑格尔法哲学的基础上,青年马克思认为,国家与市民社会的分离最终导致了个人分裂为市民和公民,这一分裂意味着个人要么是纯粹个体和利己的存在者、要么是纯粹普遍和虚幻的存在者。为此,他提出只有人类的全面解放才能彻底消除这种分裂,才能使个人同时既是市民又是公民,青年马克思所主张的这种市民与公民相统一的“个人”,不仅构成异化劳动思想的切近前提,还间接地影响了历史唯物主义关于“现实的个人”的理解。

The Concept of Individual in Early Marx's Political Thoughts

After a criticism on Hegel's philosophy of law,young Marx considers that the separation of civil society from the political state results in the separation of bourgeois from citizen,and the latter separation means that the individual is either a purely hoggish being or a purely species being.It follows that,for Marx,only human emancipation could abolish this separation drastically and make the individual being as a unity of bourgeois with citizen.The concept of individual involved in what young Marx claims,not only offers a premise for the theory of Estranged Labor,but also influences indirectly the understanding about "the real individuals" in Historical Materialism.